Stains & CD markers
CDK4
Copyright: 2003-2024, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
PubMed Search: CDK4[title]
CDK4
Author: Nat Pernick, M.D.
Last author update: 1 July 2013
Last staff update: 17 June 2021
Copyright: 2003-2024, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
PubMed Search: CDK4[title]
Table of Contents
Definition / general | Diagrams / tables | Clinical features | Uses by pathologists | Microscopic (histologic) images | Positive stains | Negative stainingCite this page: Pernick N. CDK4. PathologyOutlines.com website. https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/stainsCDK4.html. Accessed December 2nd, 2024.
Definition / general
- Complex is key regulator of transition through G1 phase of cell cycle (Genes Cancer 2012;3:658)
- Also called Cyclin-dependent kinase 4
- Among cyclin/CDKs, CDK4 and cyclin D1 are the most frequently activated by somatic genetic alterations in multiple tumor types (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009;106:4166)
- Well differentiated and dedifferentiated family of liposarcomas demonstrates amplification of chromosome subregion 12q13-q15 with resultant amplification of MDM2 and CDK4 genes
Diagrams / tables
Images hosted on other servers:
CDK4 binds with cyclin D
CDK4 regulation and activation
Clinical features
- Poor prognostic factor in glioblastoma multiforme (Am J Clin Pathol 2009;131:257)
- High risk susceptibility gene for cutaneous melanoma (J Med Genet 2013;50:264)
- Does not appear to have prognostic value in invasive breast carcinoma (Breast Cancer Res 2013;15:R5)
Uses by pathologists
- MDM, CDK4 and p16 together are sensitive and specific for atypical lipomatous tumor / well differentiated liposarcoma or dedifferentiated liposarcoma arising from atypical lipomatous tumor / well differentiated liposarcoma (Am J Surg Pathol 2005;29:1340, Am J Surg Pathol 2012;36:462)
- Use to differentiate from benign tumors and other sarcomas (Am J Surg Pathol 2005;29:1340)
- May need to use quantitative PCR and FISH (Am J Surg Pathol 2007;31:1476)
- Use MDM2 and CDK4 coexpression to help diagnose low grade osteosarcomas and high grade osteosarcomas that progressed from low grade osteosarcomas (Am J Surg Pathol 2010;34:1361)
Microscopic (histologic) images
Contributed by Epitomics
Breast carcinoma
Images hosted on other servers:
Breast carcinoma
Liposarcoma - dedifferentiated (left), well differentiated (right)
Positive stains
- Atypical lipomatous tumor / well differentiated liposarcoma (due to amplification of MDM2 and CDK4)
- Dedifferentiated liposarcoma arising from atypical lipomatous tumor / well differentiated liposarcoma
- Dedifferentiated liposarcoma with meningothelial-like whorls (Am J Surg Pathol 2011;35:356)
- Low grade osteosarcomas (Mod Pathol 2011;24:624) and high grade osteosarcomas that progressed from low grade osteosarcomas (Am J Surg Pathol 2012;36:423)
- Some cases of undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma (Am J Surg Pathol 2009;33:1594)
Negative staining
- Carcinoma, lymphoma, sarcomas other than atypical lipomatous tumor / well differentiated liposarcoma (or dedifferentiated liposarcoma arising from it)
