Lung
Infectious
Viral
HIV
Author: Elliot Weisenberg, M.D.
Last author update: 1 August 2011
Last staff update: 1 May 2022
Copyright: 2003-2024, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
PubMed search: pneumonia [title] AIDS related lungs
Cite this page: Weisenberg E. HIV. PathologyOutlines.com website. https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/lungnontumorAIDS.html. Accessed December 25th, 2024.
Clinical features
- Lung disease is most common cause of morbidity and mortality in AIDS patients
- Diagnose infection or mimickers with bronchoalveolar lavage, transbronchial biopsy or open lung biopsy
- Nonspecific features resemble DIP or lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia
- Patients often have multiple infections
- Lung biopsies in AIDS patients should routinely be stained for pneumocystis, fungi and mycobacteria
- Characteristically cavitary lesions: Staphylococcus, fungi (Candida, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus [J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2010;54:269], Histoplasma, Blastomyces), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium complex, other nontuberculous mycobacteria; Rhodococcus equi, Fusarium, Pseudallescheria
- AIDS patients also have infections from CMV, Pneumocystis jeroveci (formerly Pneumocystis carinii), toxoplasma, microsporidia, herpesvirus types 1 and 2, adenovirus, Strep. pneumonia, H. influenza, Gram negative rods, Legionella pneumophilia, cryptosporidium, zygomycetes, herpes varicella zoster, Penicillium marneffei (patients from Southeast Asia) and bartonella
- Rarely pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (J Med Case Reports 2011;5:46)
- Noninfectious causes of pulmonary infiltrates: Kaposi sarcoma, drug reaction, primary lung cancer, non Hodgkin lymphoma
- Multiple infections and infections with concurrent malignancy are common in AIDS patients
Microscopic (histologic) images
Images hosted on other servers:
CMV and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
Additional references
