Oral cavity & oropharynx
Infectious
Infections-general
Last author update: 1 June 2013
Last staff update: 4 August 2021
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PubMed Search: Candidiasis[TI] thrush oral cavity[TIAB], Herpes simplex virus[TI] oral[TI] full text[sb], Infectious mononucleosis oral cavity, Verruca vulgaris oral
Table of Contents
Actinomycosis | Blastomycosis | Candidiasis (thrush) | Herpes simplex virus | Herpes simplex / zoster | Histoplasmosis | Infectious mononucleosis | Syphilis | Verruca vulgarisCite this page: DeVilliers P, Thakral C, Pernick N. Infections-general. PathologyOutlines.com website. https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/oralcavityinfectionsgeneral.html. Accessed April 19th, 2024.
Actinomycosis
Blastomycosis
Candidiasis (thrush)
Definition / general
Case reports
Clinical images
Images hosted on other servers:
Gross description
Microscopic (histologic) description
Microscopic (histologic) images
Images hosted on other servers:
- Normal flora that overgrows due to AIDS, antibiotics, diabetes, immunosuppression, neutropenia, xerostomia (Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2013;18:e381)
Case reports
- 45 year old HIV+ man (Case Rep Dent 2011;2011:929616)
Clinical images
Images hosted on other servers:
Pseudomembranous
candidiasis
on palate
White plaques and reddened regions of tongue
Retrocommissural area
Palate
Angular cheilitis
Gross description
- Superficial curdy, gray-white membranes that easily wipe off (pseudomembranous candidiasis) or painful erosions (erythematous candidiasis)
Microscopic (histologic) description
- PAS+ hyphae within keratin layer in neutrophilic background; prominent inflammatory infiltrate along the lamina propria
Microscopic (histologic) images
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Candidal hyphae
Herpes simplex virus
Definition / general
Gross description
Microscopic (histologic) description
- Also called cold sore
- Usually HSV1
- Lasts 3 - 4 weeks, then virus tracks along regional nerves and becomes dormant in trigeminal or other local ganglia
- Most infected adults have latent HSV1 that is activated by upper respiratory infection, excessive exposure to cold, wind, sun, allergies
- Acute herpetic gingivostomatitis:
- Rare, children 2 - 4 years with diffuse involvement of oral and pharyngeal mucosa, tongue, gingiva
- Fiery red mucosa and swelling with clusters of vesicles
- Recurrent herpetic stomatitis:
- Groups of 1 - 3 mm vesicles on the lips, nasal orifices, buccal mucosa
- Lesions heal in 7 - 10 days
- Tzanck test: microscopic examination of vesicle fluid shows giant cells, inclusions
Gross description
- Vesicles or bullae with clear serous fluid, painful shallow ulcers
Microscopic (histologic) description
- Intra and intercellular edema (acantholysis), intranuclear inclusions, multinucleate polykaryons (giant cells)
Herpes simplex / zoster
Histoplasmosis
Infectious mononucleosis
Definition / general
Microscopic (histologic) description
Microscopic (histologic) images
Images hosted on other servers:
Negative stains
- Acute pharyngitis and tonsillitis with gray-white exudate, lymphadenopathy in neck
- Due to Epstein-Barr virus infection
Microscopic (histologic) description
- Tonsil: reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (polymorphous transformed lymphocytes) with extensive immunoblastic proliferation in sheets and nodules, marked atypia resembling Reed-Sternberg cells (Am J Surg Pathol 1987;11:122)
Microscopic (histologic) images
Images hosted on other servers:
Peripheral blood lymphocytosis
Reactive lymphocytes
Negative stains
Syphilis
Verruca vulgaris
Definition / general
Microscopic (histologic) description
Microscopic (histologic) images
Contributed by Joseph Christopher Castillo, M.D.
- Associated with HPV
Microscopic (histologic) description
- Cup shaped margins, prominent hyperkeratinized spires
Microscopic (histologic) images
Contributed by Joseph Christopher Castillo, M.D.
Oral cavity
