Home Chapter Home Jobs Conferences Fellowships Books
Advertisement
Breast-nonmalignant
Congenital anomalies
Amastia / Aplasia / hypoplasia of breast tissue
Reviewer: Hind Nassar, M.D., Johns Hopkins Medical Centers (see Reviewers page)
Revised: 25 September 2012, last major update July 2010
Copyright: (c) 2002-2012, PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
Definition
=========================================================================
● Amastia: no glandular tissue (no breast bud), no nipple and no areola
● Aplasia: Nipple and areola present, but no glandular tissue
● Hypoplasia: small rudimentary breasts (i.e. breast underdevelopment); also called micromastia
Terminology
=========================================================================
● See also athelia
Epidemiology
=========================================================================
● Uncommon
● Occurs more often in females than males
Sites
=========================================================================
● Unilateral or bilateral
Etiology
=========================================================================
● Can be acquired or congenital
● Amastia occurs when breast anlage is destroyed in the embryo
● Amastia and hypoplasia are both associated with Poland syndrome (musculoskeletal deformities of chest wall and ipsilateral upper extremity, eMedicine, OMIM 173800); also damage to breast bud by surgery (Postgrad Med J 2003;79:235) or radiation (Acta Oncol 1989;28:519, Pediatr Radiol 1989;19:124)
● Ipsilateral breast hypoplasia is associated with Becker’s nevus (Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2009;75:202)
● Coexistence of skin and breast lesions (see case reports below) may be due to their common embryologic origin
Case reports
=========================================================================
● 9 year old girl with multiple lentigines over nevus depigmentosus and hypoplasia of underlying breast (Dermatol Online J 2004;10:12)
● 26 year old woman with bilateral amastia and ectodermal dysplasia (Case Report Med 2009;2009:927354)
Treatment
=========================================================================
● Breast augmentation surgery (Semin Pediatr Surg 2008;17:161, Acta Chir Plast 2001;43:39)
Clinical images
=========================================================================
Amastia in 11 year old girl Bilateral amastia
Hypoplasia of
right breast
End of Breast-nonmalignant > Congenital anomalies > Amastia / aplasia / hypoplasia of breast tissue
This information is intended for physicians and related personnel, who understand that medical information is often imperfect, and must also be interpreted in the context of a patient's clinical data using reasonable medical judgment. This website should not be used as a substitute for the advice of a licensed physician.
All information on this website is protected by copyright of PathologyOutlines.com, Inc. Information from third parties may also be protected by copyright. Please contact us at copyrightPathOut@gmail.com with any questions (click here for other contact information).